Use of Geometric Morphometry to Establish Biological and Environmental Contrasts in Fish Populations of Teaone River
Keywords:
Teaone River; Geometric morphometry; Andinoacara blombergi, Brycon atrocaudatus, Brycon dentex, and Rhoadsia minor fish species.Abstract
Unlike traditional morphometry, geometric morphometry is allowing direct relationships to be established between the pure form of organisms and their relationship with the environment in which they live, in such a way that changes in body shape could be used as indicators of changes in environmental conditions. From April to September 2017, three sections of the Teaone River, in Esmeraldas, were sampled: the upper zone at the level of the community of Morachigüe, the intermediate zone in the community of Tabiazo, and the lower zone at the level of the neighborhood of San Rafael, Esmeraldas canton. A total of 851 fish of four species were collected: Andinoacara blombergi, Brycon atrocaudatus, Brycon dentex and Rhoadsia minor. Through the use of geometric morphometry, significant differences could be observed, that is, changes in the shape of the body, mainly at the level of the snout, the cephalic region and in the height of the body; as there was a descent from the upper zone of the river, where there are better environmental conditions to the lower zone where there is greater environmental pressure; these changes are correlated mainly by an increase in temperature, turbidity, hardness and less dissolved oxygen. Changes in body shape were similar in the four species studied. This work shows the effect that the current conditions of the Teaone River have on life forms, specifically on fish.
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